Importance of Ethical Decision Making: In Perspective of Case Scenario of a Pregnant Woman

Abstract

Healthcare organizations are complex environments where ethical decision-making is essential in clinical practice. Physicians, nurses, and paramedical staff frequently face situations requiring ethical choices, especially in critical cases like maternal health emergencies. Ethical decision-making not only ensures patient safety but also upholds institutional reputation while preventing legal and political complications.

Preeclampsia, a pregnancy-related hypertensive disorder, significantly contributes to maternal mortality, particularly in underdeveloped regions. The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) aim to reduce maternal mortality rates, yet challenges persist due to limited healthcare infrastructure. In this context, nurses play a crucial role in ensuring patient well-being, as their decisions directly influence outcomes.

A case scenario highlights the impact of nursing negligence in a patient with preeclampsia. A full-term pregnant woman scheduled for a C-section suffered complications due to inadequate preoperative preparation by a night-shift nurse. The morning shift nurse identified the issue and initiated emergency care, preventing a fatal outcome. However, she faced unwarranted reprimands, raising ethical concerns about professional accountability.

Rest’s Four-Component Model—moral sensitivity, moral judgment, moral motivation, and moral character—provides a framework for ethical decision-making. Nurses’ role in patient care necessitates recognition of their decision-making abilities. Addressing ethical dilemmas in healthcare requires institutional support, effective communication, and policies promoting professional integrity. Strengthening ethical education and workplace ethics is vital for improving patient outcomes and sustaining healthcare standards.