A Preliminary Study on Multidrug- and Extensively Drug-Resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii

Abstract

Background: Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa are two major causative agents of hospital based infections leading to the increase in morbidity and mortality rate globally, due to being multidrug resistant and Extensively drug resistant.

Objective: To assess antibiotic resistance and multidrug resistant/Extensively drug resistant  patterns in Gram-negative bacteria isolated from clinical samples

Methods: Isolation of bacteria from various clinical samples is done using MacConkey agar and then identified using biochemicals. MDR and XDR strains were determined by antibiotic susceptibility testing (Kirby bauer disc diffusion assay).

Results: Out of 600 clinical samples, 60 (10%) were positive for Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Acinetobacter baumannii. Among them, 10% of P. aeruginosa and 70% of A. baumannii were MDR, while 3% of P. aeruginosa and 65% of A. baumannii were XDR. MDR and XDR isolates were mostly found in ICU and wound samples, with fewer cases in general wards.

Conclusion: Considering high isolation rates of MDR and XDR of Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, it is now necessary to adopt prevention criteria to get rid of of MDR and XDR Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa from hospital wards.