Burden of Malnutrition in Undergraduate Students of a Public Sector University in Lahore

Abstract

Background: Double burden of malnutrition, defined as the coexistence of underweight (undernutrition) and obesity, is a growing public health concern of both developed and developing countries.

Objective: To estimate the prevalence of the double burden of underweight and obesity among undergraduate students.

Methods: The cross-sectional analytical study conveniently included 456 volunteer students of both genders, aged 17-24 years. Data were collected using a purposely designed interviewer-administered questionnaire. Weight and height were measured to calculate body mass index (BMI). Data analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 25.

Results: The mean age of the participants was 19.1±2.7 years for males and 20.9±1.8 years for females. The prevalence rates of underweight, normal weight, and overweight were 25.7%, 52.6%, and 21.8%, respectively. The double burden of underweight and overweight was more prevalent in males than in females. According to the WC criteria, abdominal obesity was slightly higher in females than males (39.2% vs. 37.0%). However, according to the WHR criteria, the prevalence of abdominal obesity in females was more than double that of males (53.4% vs. 24.9%). Abdominal obesity was found to be more common than general obesity and remained significantly high among females (p-value <0.001).

Conclusion: Double burden of malnutrition was prevalent among undergraduate students and females were more obese than males. Urbanization, nutritional transitions, and sedentary lifestyles contribute to this health problem. Regular physical activity and a balanced diet are crucial for preventing obesity-related health issues. Implementation of health education programs at college and university levels is strongly recommended.